Incidencia de Meloidogyne graminicola en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en la provincia de Los Ríos

Abstract

All the known cereals worldwide, rice (Oryza sativa L.); it is undoubtedly the one that offers the possibility of quickly filling a deficit in agricultural production for human consumption. In the province of Los Ríos, there is a decrease in yield compared to the other provinces, where farmers declare that it is, due to the presence of pests and diseases, that Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the main pests that has continuously come decreasing rice production; therefore, the following objective is proposed: To determine the incidence of M. graminicola in the soil and roots of the different affected areas of the Los Ríos province. Sampling was carried out in the different areas such as: Via Valencia, Via Buena Fe, Pichilingue, Quevedo, Ventanas, Lechugal, San Pablo, Montalvo, Palmar, CEDEGE, Babahoyo, Cacharí, Mata de Cacao and Pimocha. Regarding the results, the area with the highest population incidence in roots was in the Pichilingue area with 70,000 J2 in 10 g of roots. The Lechugal zone presented 700 J2 and the Empalme and CEDEGE zones with 600 J2 in 100 cm³ of soil. One of the main reasons is because recycled seeds are used, susceptible varieties to the nematode and the rotation with corn, which is a host crop of the nematode, in this way the population of M. graminicola has been increasing in these affected areas.