La oralidad, pedagogía de conservación de saberes en culturas indígenas del cantón Guaranda, Provincia Bolívar

Abstract

This study presents the strategies for the transmission of ancestral knowledge and wisdom, characteristic of the indigenous communities in the canton of Guaranda, Bolívar province, located in the Sierra region of Ecuador, vital for the preservation of their cultural diversity. The methodology employed a multifaceted approach that included reviewing bibliographic sources and conducting interviews with elders. These individuals, guardians of invaluable memories, play a crucial role in conveying to their descendants culturally significant practices and experiences. Thus, the study was able to document and safeguard the varied expressions of oral tradition that have been sustained through intergenerational communication. These cultural practices are more than mere customs; they become essential elements for the cohesion and ongoing social continuity of the community. The research underscores the rich diversity of cultural practices intertwined with indigenous worldviews and nature, manifested in rituals and oral traditions such as runasofía and pachasofía. In conclusion, these traditions promote a holistic understanding of the world, merging culture, spirituality, and ecology, and are essential for the perpetuation of community life, ensuring the transmission across generations and maintaining the connection with the earth and the cosmos.