Modelo de sectorización a través de fotogrametría con drones, para asignación de grupos USAR en caso de desastre por sismo en el Centro Histórico de Quito

Abstract

Earthquakes are geological and natural phenomena produced by the release of energy accumulated in the Earth. Ecuador is exposed to earthquakes related to volcanic activity, earthquakes that occur near the coastal surface and surface earthquakes in the inter-Andean region identified as the most destructive and that have generally affected the city of Quito. One of the most emblematic sites of the city is the historic center of Quito, which has great cultural and historical relevance recognized by UNESCO (1978), however, it is one of the sites with the highest risk of damage in case of earthquakes. , since it houses an architectural complex from different periods that have been intervened through history due to structural damage. The collection of data and accurate information on the damage caused by this type of event is essential, because a rapid response by relief agencies can help reduce the number of victims and mitigate the social and economic impact. However, data collection in the country has been difficult, due to the lack of coordinated actions, mobilization through difficult terrain, and extreme weather conditions, which make it impossible to collect information. That is why the objective of this document was to make sectorization models based on photogrammetry with drones; and assign USAR groups according to the response level (heavy, medium and light) in order to provide a rapid response to earthquakes that could affect this area.