Plant extracts as an alternative in the control of Sarocladium oryzae, the causal agent of sheath rot in rice cultivation
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Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a key crop in the global economy; however, it faces several diseases that affect its quality and yield, being sheath rot, caused by the fungus Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams & D. Hawksworth, one of the most important. Given the negative effects of chemical fungicides on health and the environment, plant extracts emerge as a promising alternative, since they contain bioactive compounds with antifungal properties that can inhibit the growth of the pathogen. This review aimed to analyze the efficacy of plant extracts in controlling S. oryzae. After reviewing studies from various sources, it is concluded that extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L.), neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), flower of the dead (Tagetes erecta L.), mango (Mangifera indica L.) and the oils of anise (Piper auritum Kunth) and Cuban plantain (Piper aduncum subsp. Ossanum C.DC.), have fungicidal properties, acting through compounds such as allicin, azadirachtin, capsaicin, among others. The article highlights that plant extracts not only represent a viable option for the biological control of the disease, but also promote sustainable agricultural practices that can be incorporated into integrated pest management systems; however, more research is required to determine their efficacy, adequate doses and mechanisms of action under field conditions.
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