Vulnerabilidad sísmica de las viviendas catalogadas como patrimonio cultural del casco urbano del cantón Guaranda

Abstract

Seismic events by their genesis respond to the intrinsic variability of the internal geological activity of the planet, despite the existence of early detection instruments such as seismographs, even the existing preparation is not the best to respond adequately to such events, so this research allows understanding the level of vulnerability of houses considered as heritage assets, because these houses have a cultural value, and it is important to take actions to preserve this cultural and architectural memory. Seismic evaluation matrices were used to measure the level of risk in the buildings, which was based on three axes, the first prioritized the attention of the immovable cultural heritage in terms of heritage value, the second evaluated the seismic hazard, and the third evaluated and quantified the seismic vulnerability of the immovable cultural assets. From the results obtained, a socio-cultural and economic valuation level of "0.72" was obtained, also, the seismic threat was evaluated with an estimate of "0.63", and the vulnerability level with a value of "0.5". The total seismic risk was "0.95", concluding that the heritage dwellings present a high degree of seismic vulnerability, due to their constructive genesis, in addition to the different factors such as water percolation due to pipes in poor condition and rains, which have been weakening the structures little by little.