Capacidad de fecundación ovular de cruces recíprocos entre 14 cultivares de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) para la obtención de poblaciones F1

Abstract

The limited availability of commercial varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.), influences the implementation of genetic improvement programs in Ecuador. Varieties of the indica subspecies are the most preferred for consumption nationwide. The present study was carried out with the objectives of obtaining F1 populations of indica-type rice, by means of simple crossing to increase genetic diversity, and to determine the capacity for ovular fertilization and seed formation to obtain F1 populations of rice from reciprocal crosses, among 14 indica rice cultivars as mentioned following: BA-100-UTB, BR-101-UTB, CA-102-UTB, FE-103-UTB, FI-104-UTB, FI-105-UTB, FI-106-UTB, FI-107 -UTB, SH-108-UTB, FL109-UTB, FL-110-UTB, G-111-UTB, G-112-UTB and G-113-UTB. The trial was established in the CEDEGE Project sector, Valle Verde farm, Babahoyo canton, Los Ríos province, Ecuador. The results showed that a total of 178 crosses were obtained, where all of them produced, to a greater or lesser degree, seeds formed from the emasculated flowers. When the linear regression analysis was carried out, it turned out that for every 100 emasculated flowers, a total of 34 fertilized flowers were obtained. Likewise, for every 100 emasculated flowers, a total of 25 seeds were harvested. In this study, it was concluded that the parents with the best seed’s conversion percentage from pollinated flowers were FL-110-UTB with 82% and FE-103-UTB, which presented 85%. It is recommended to continue the study with the F1 populations of indica rice, to determine the agronomic and productive behavior of the crop, through future generations until obtaining a genetically improved material adapted to Ecuadorian conditions.