Efecto de fertilización nitrogenada en maíz (Zea mays L.) sobre poblaciones de hongos micorrízicos, en Babahoyo

Abstract

The present work was carried out in the experimental farm "San Pablo" of the University of Babahoyo located at km 7,5 of the Babahoyo Montalvo road, in the province of Los Ríos. Somma maize hybrid was used as planting material. For the research, a field work with twelve treatments and three repetitions was designed. The first six treatments were applied with VAM mycorrhizae from the Huxtable company at doses of 1,0 l/ha with different levels of nitrogen fertilization of 180, 160, 140, 120, 100 and 0 kg/ha of nitrogen, the remaining six treatments they did not receive mycorrhizal applications, but had the same levels of fertilization. The statistical design applied was factorial, with the respective analysis of variance and the 95% tukey test of significance in the comparison of means. For the establishment of the crop, the pertinent cultural tasks were carried out, such as land preparation, sowing, weed control, irrigation, fertilization, phytosanitary controls and harvesting. With the results obtained, it was determined that the application of mycorrhizae at a dose of 1,0 l/ha maintains the populations of the fungus constantly in the soil, which is not possible without its application, this due to the application of nitrogen fertilizers reduces the populations. Nitrogen applications between 160-180 kg/ha significantly reduce mycorrhiza populations in soils, with or without fertilization. The use of mycorrhiza 1.0 l/ha + 180 kg/ha of nitrogen with a production of 7867,70 kg/ha presented the highest yield, however, its effects on populations of microorganisms are evident.